Which statement accurately describes viruses?

Viruses are accurately described as parasitic particles that infect host cells. They are unique in that they cannot replicate on their own; instead, they require a living host cell to reproduce. Once inside a host, viruses hijack the cellular machinery to replicate their genetic material and produce new virus particles. This parasitic nature is what distinguishes viruses from other microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi.

Understanding this characteristic is vital when studying infectious diseases in cosmetology, as it emphasizes the importance of hygiene and sanitation practices to prevent the transmission of viral infections, especially in a salon or spa environment. Other statements about viruses fall short. For example, they are not single-celled microorganisms; they lack the cellular structure of bacteria or protozoa. They also do not replicate independently in the environment, as they require a host to multiply. Lastly, viruses are not harmless; many can be pathogenic, causing illness in humans and animals.